annotate modules/firewall/CONTRIBUTING.md @ 398:66c406eec60d

Update and fix firewall for Ubuntu * Use later version of module (not latest because our Puppet isn't supported) * Change how we define "ensure" because Ubuntu doesn't use IPv6 methods
author IBBoard <dev@ibboard.co.uk>
date Wed, 20 Apr 2022 19:04:13 +0100
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1 # Contributing to Puppet modules
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3 So you want to contribute to a Puppet module: Great! Below are some instructions to get you started doing
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4 that very thing while setting expectations around code quality as well as a few tips for making the
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5 process as easy as possible.
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7 ### Table of Contents
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9 1. [Getting Started](#getting-started)
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10 1. [Commit Checklist](#commit-checklist)
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11 1. [Submission](#submission)
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12 1. [More about commits](#more-about-commits)
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13 1. [Testing](#testing)
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14 - [Running Tests](#running-tests)
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15 - [Writing Tests](#writing-tests)
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16 1. [Get Help](#get-help)
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18 ## Getting Started
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19
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20 - Fork the module repository on GitHub and clone to your workspace
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22 - Make your changes!
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23
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24 ## Commit Checklist
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26 ### The Basics
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27
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28 - [x] my commit is a single logical unit of work
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30 - [x] I have checked for unnecessary whitespace with "git diff --check"
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32 - [x] my commit does not include commented out code or unneeded files
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34 ### The Content
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36 - [x] my commit includes tests for the bug I fixed or feature I added
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38 - [x] my commit includes appropriate documentation changes if it is introducing a new feature or changing existing functionality
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39
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40 - [x] my code passes existing test suites
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41
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42 ### The Commit Message
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44 - [x] the first line of my commit message includes:
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46 - [x] an issue number (if applicable), e.g. "(MODULES-xxxx) This is the first line"
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48 - [x] a short description (50 characters is the soft limit, excluding ticket number(s))
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50 - [x] the body of my commit message:
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52 - [x] is meaningful
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54 - [x] uses the imperative, present tense: "change", not "changed" or "changes"
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56 - [x] includes motivation for the change, and contrasts its implementation with the previous behavior
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58 ## Submission
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60 ### Pre-requisites
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61
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62 - Make sure you have a [GitHub account](https://github.com/join)
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64 - [Create a ticket](https://tickets.puppet.com/secure/CreateIssue!default.jspa), or [watch the ticket](https://tickets.puppet.com/browse/) you are patching for.
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65
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66 ### Push and PR
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68 - Push your changes to your fork
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70 - [Open a Pull Request](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request-from-a-fork/) against the repository in the puppetlabs organization
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72 ## More about commits
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74 1. Make separate commits for logically separate changes.
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76 Please break your commits down into logically consistent units
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77 which include new or changed tests relevant to the rest of the
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78 change. The goal of doing this is to make the diff easier to
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79 read for whoever is reviewing your code. In general, the easier
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80 your diff is to read, the more likely someone will be happy to
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81 review it and get it into the code base.
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83 If you are going to refactor a piece of code, please do so as a
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84 separate commit from your feature or bug fix changes.
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86 We also really appreciate changes that include tests to make
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87 sure the bug is not re-introduced, and that the feature is not
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88 accidentally broken.
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89
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90 Describe the technical detail of the change(s). If your
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91 description starts to get too long, that is a good sign that you
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92 probably need to split up your commit into more finely grained
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93 pieces.
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94
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95 Commits which plainly describe the things which help
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96 reviewers check the patch and future developers understand the
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97 code are much more likely to be merged in with a minimum of
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98 bike-shedding or requested changes. Ideally, the commit message
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99 would include information, and be in a form suitable for
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100 inclusion in the release notes for the version of Puppet that
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101 includes them.
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102
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103 Please also check that you are not introducing any trailing
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104 whitespace or other "whitespace errors". You can do this by
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105 running "git diff --check" on your changes before you commit.
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106
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107 2. Sending your patches
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108
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109 To submit your changes via a GitHub pull request, we _highly_
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110 recommend that you have them on a topic branch, instead of
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111 directly on "main".
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112 It makes things much easier to keep track of, especially if
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113 you decide to work on another thing before your first change
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114 is merged in.
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115
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116 GitHub has some pretty good
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117 [general documentation](http://help.github.com/) on using
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118 their site. They also have documentation on
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119 [creating pull requests](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request-from-a-fork/).
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121 In general, after pushing your topic branch up to your
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122 repository on GitHub, you can switch to the branch in the
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123 GitHub UI and click "Pull Request" towards the top of the page
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124 in order to open a pull request.
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125
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126 3. Update the related JIRA issue.
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128 If there is a JIRA issue associated with the change you
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129 submitted, then you should update the ticket to include the
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130 location of your branch, along with any other commentary you
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131 may wish to make.
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133 # Testing
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135 ## Getting Started
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136
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137 Our Puppet modules provide [`Gemfile`](./Gemfile)s, which can tell a Ruby package manager such as [bundler](http://bundler.io/) what Ruby packages,
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138 or Gems, are required to build, develop, and test this software.
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139
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140 Please make sure you have [bundler installed](http://bundler.io/#getting-started) on your system, and then use it to
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141 install all dependencies needed for this project in the project root by running
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142
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143 ```shell
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144 % bundle install --path .bundle/gems
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145 Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/........
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146 Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
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147 Using rake (10.1.0)
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148 Using builder (3.2.2)
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149 -- 8><-- many more --><8 --
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150 Using rspec-system-puppet (2.2.0)
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151 Using serverspec (0.6.3)
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152 Using rspec-system-serverspec (1.0.0)
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153 Using bundler (1.3.5)
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154 Your bundle is complete!
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155 Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.
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156 ```
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157
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158 NOTE: some systems may require you to run this command with sudo.
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159
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160 If you already have those gems installed, make sure they are up-to-date:
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161
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162 ```shell
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163 % bundle update
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164 ```
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165
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166 ## Running Tests
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167
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168 With all dependencies in place and up-to-date, run the tests:
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169
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170 ### Unit Tests
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171
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172 ```shell
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173 % bundle exec rake spec
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174 ```
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175
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176 This executes all the [rspec tests](http://rspec-puppet.com/) in the directories defined [here](https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs_spec_helper/blob/699d9fbca1d2489bff1736bb254bb7b7edb32c74/lib/puppetlabs_spec_helper/rake_tasks.rb#L17) and so on.
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177 rspec tests may have the same kind of dependencies as the module they are testing. Although the module defines these dependencies in its [metadata.json](./metadata.json),
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178 rspec tests define them in [.fixtures.yml](./fixtures.yml).
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179
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180 ### Acceptance Tests
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181
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182 Some Puppet modules also come with acceptance tests, which use [beaker][]. These tests spin up a virtual machine under
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183 [VirtualBox](https://www.virtualbox.org/), controlled with [Vagrant](http://www.vagrantup.com/), to simulate scripted test
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184 scenarios. In order to run these, you need both Virtualbox and Vagrant installed on your system.
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185
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186 Run the tests by issuing the following command
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187
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188 ```shell
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189 % bundle exec rake spec_clean
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190 % bundle exec rspec spec/acceptance
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191 ```
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192
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193 This will now download a pre-fabricated image configured in the [default node-set](./spec/acceptance/nodesets/default.yml),
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194 install Puppet, copy this module, and install its dependencies per [spec/spec_helper_acceptance.rb](./spec/spec_helper_acceptance.rb)
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195 and then run all the tests under [spec/acceptance](./spec/acceptance).
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196
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197 ## Writing Tests
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198
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199 ### Unit Tests
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200
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201 When writing unit tests for Puppet, [rspec-puppet][] is your best friend. It provides tons of helper methods for testing your manifests against a
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202 catalog (e.g. contain_file, contain_package, with_params, etc). It would be ridiculous to try and top rspec-puppet's [documentation][rspec-puppet_docs]
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203 but here's a tiny sample:
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204
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205 Sample manifest:
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206
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207 ```puppet
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208 file { "a test file":
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209 ensure => present,
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210 path => "/etc/sample",
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211 }
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212 ```
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213
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214 Sample test:
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215
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216 ```ruby
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217 it 'does a thing' do
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218 expect(subject).to contain_file("a test file").with({:path => "/etc/sample"})
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219 end
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220 ```
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221
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222 ### Acceptance Tests
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223
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224 Writing acceptance tests for Puppet involves [beaker][] and its cousin [beaker-rspec][]. A common pattern for acceptance tests is to create a test manifest, apply it
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225 twice to check for idempotency or errors, then run expectations.
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226
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227 ```ruby
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228 it 'does an end-to-end thing' do
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229 pp = <<-EOF
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230 file { 'a test file':
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231 ensure => present,
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232 path => "/etc/sample",
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233 content => "test string",
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234 }
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235
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236 apply_manifest(pp, :catch_failures => true)
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237 apply_manifest(pp, :catch_changes => true)
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238
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239 end
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240
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241 describe file("/etc/sample") do
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242 it { is_expected.to contain "test string" }
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243 end
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244
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245 ```
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246
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247 # If you have commit access to the repository
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248
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249 Even if you have commit access to the repository, you still need to go through the process above, and have someone else review and merge
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250 in your changes. The rule is that **all changes must be reviewed by a project developer that did not write the code to ensure that
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251 all changes go through a code review process.**
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252
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253 The record of someone performing the merge is the record that they performed the code review. Again, this should be someone other than the author of the topic branch.
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254
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255 # Get Help
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256
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257 ### On the web
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258 * [Puppet help messageboard](http://puppet.com/community/get-help)
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259 * [Writing tests](https://docs.puppet.com/guides/module_guides/bgtm.html#step-three-module-testing)
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260 * [General GitHub documentation](http://help.github.com/)
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261 * [GitHub pull request documentation](http://help.github.com/send-pull-requests/)
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262
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263 ### On chat
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264 * Slack (slack.puppet.com) #forge-modules, #puppet-dev, #windows, #voxpupuli
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265 * IRC (freenode) #puppet-dev, #voxpupuli
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266
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267
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268 [rspec-puppet]: http://rspec-puppet.com/
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269 [rspec-puppet_docs]: http://rspec-puppet.com/documentation/
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270 [beaker]: https://github.com/puppetlabs/beaker
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271 [beaker-rspec]: https://github.com/puppetlabs/beaker-rspec